Power Supply System Planning for Offshore Fish Farms: A Scenario-Based Decision-Making Study

As aquaculture expands, the energy supply in diverse marine environments has become a key bottleneck restricting its development. To address the difficulty of traditional single power supply modes in adapting to complex application scenarios, this paper proposes a systematic classification method for offshore fishery power supply scenarios based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and K-means clustering. The study first constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system including three dimensions: energy, information, and value. Subsequently, AHP is used to quantitatively analyze the influencing factors and identify the core factors. On this basis, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to classify offshore fish farms into four typical scenarios. Finally, according to the characteristics of each scenario, four optimal power supply modes are matched respectively: direct shore power supply, distributed microgrid, mobile energy storage microgrid, and centralized power station microgrid. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for decision-making and theoretical support for the energy system planning of different types of offshore fish farms.