Key Technologies for the Development and Operation of Rural Distributed Photovoltaics under the New Policy

Driven by the transformation of rural energy structures and the limitations of traditional supply models, and under the policy framework of Document No.136, this study explores the development pathways, key technologies, and models for rural distributed photovoltaics (PVs). By analyzing PV resource availability and load characteristics, and considering policy impacts, the research investigates core technologies such as grid-connected inverters, power quality regulation, and microgrid control. It further proposes innovations in high-efficiency PV modules and intelligent operation and maintenance. In addition, models under the framework of virtual power plants (VPPs) are examined. Results indicate that rural distributed PVs exhibit regional dispersion and seasonal load fluctuations, while subsidies and standards under Document No.136 significantly improve project feasibility. Technical challenges of grid connection in rural power systems are addressed, fusion models such as "PV + Agriculture" are developed, and the potential of VPPs to achieve profitability through market participation and value-added services is verified. This study highlights rural distributed PVs as a key enabler of energy transition and identifies policy support and technological innovation as critical drivers.