Abstract: Against the background of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and new urbanization, the load structure of rural distribution networks is becoming increasingly complex because of the widespread use of high-power household appliances and electric vehicles. This paper takes a typical rural 10 kV distribution station area as the research object, analyzes its load time-series characteristics and three-phase imbalance, and constructs an electric vehicle charging load model. It proposes a hierarchical and zonal control strategy comprising distribution station area autonomy, feeder coordination, and global control by the master station, and uses an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the model. The results show that the strategy reduces the peak-to-valley load difference rate of the distribution station area to 38%, increases the photovoltaic consumption rate by 96%, significantly mitigates voltage deviation and three-phase imbalance, and reduces charging costs by 26.7%, thereby supporting the safe and economic operation of rural distribution networks.