Abstract: To address the problems of complex diagram drawing and diverse wiring types in the analysis of incorrect wiring of three-phase energy meters using the traditional hexagonal vector diagram method, this paper proposes a phase-angle algebraic analysis model based on a phase-voltage reference. The model establishes a mathematical relationship between the measured phase angle φ and the rotation number N, transforming spatial vector problems into algebraic operations. By introducing a conversion value α, the model achieves unified processing of measured values under different voltage references. Based on the N value, this paper develops universal judgment rules for current affiliation and a calculation method for the correction coefficient. Theoretical analysis and case validation show that this method can quickly complete wiring diagnosis and power compensation calculation without relying on diagram drawing, improving the efficiency and accuracy of on-site analysis, and providing a feasible path for programmatic discrimination of incorrect wiring.