Abstract: This paper analyzes the impact of distributed generation (DG) penetration rate, grid connection location, and capacity on existing protection, with a focus on the influence of DG integration at different locations on relay protection under faults in different sections and feeders. Protection schemes are developed for different DG integration locations, and an adaptive protection method based on real-time grid operating states is proposed. Through fault location, fault type identification, real-time calculation of impedance and electric potential, and dynamic correction of setting coefficients, the proposed method enables protection settings to be automatically adjusted according to DG operating states. It can effectively expand the protection range, avoid maloperation and failure to operate, improve protection adaptability, and ensure grid stability. Finally, the analysis conclusions are verified by MATLAB simulation, forming a protection scheme with reference value.