高级检索

基于用户行为画像与混合模型的抗旱期农村台区负荷预测研究

Load Forecasting for Rural Feeders in Drought Periods Based on ‌User Behavior Profiling and Hybrid Models

  • 摘要: 为应对区域性干旱等特殊情况带来的电力保供挑战,实现台区电力负荷的精准预测与精细化管理,文章以某县3个供电所在抗旱期间842户用户的14703户次96点高频电力数据为研究对象,提出一种融合用户行为分析与先进预测模型的混合预测方法。首先通过数据清洗与归一化处理,采用K-Means聚类算法识别出6种典型用电行为模式;随后将各台区不同用电模式用户占比作为宏观特征,结合天气、节假日等外生变量构建特征集;最后构建并对比3日移动平均(3-dayMA)、SARIMAX及XGBoost 3种模型,经Optuna超参数寻优和滚动预测评估,SARIMAX模型表现最佳(RMSE ≈ 0.22),XGBoost模型次之(RMSE ≈ 0.25),均优于3-dayMA(RMSE ≈ 0.28)。研究证实,将微观用户用电行为转化为宏观特征可有效提升预测精度,为电网负荷调节和有序用电提供数据支持与方法论参考。

     

    Abstract: To address the challenges of power supply security posed by regional droughts and other special circumstances, and to achieve accurate load forecasting and refined management for distribution areas, this study focuses on 96-point high-frequency power data from 14,703 user sessions from 842 users in three power supply stations of a county during drought periods. A hybrid forecasting method integrating user behavior analysis and advanced prediction models is proposed. Firstly, data cleaning and normalization are performed, and the K-Means clustering algorithm is employed to identify six typical electricity consumption patterns. Subsequently, the proportion of users with different consumption patterns in each feeder is then used as a macro-feature, combined with exogenous variables such as weather and holidays to construct a feature set. Finally, three models, which are 3-day moving average (3-dayMA), SARIMAX, and XGBoost, are built and compared. After hyperparameter optimization using Optuna and rolling forecast evaluation, the SARIMAX model demonstrates the best performance (RMSE is approximately equal to 0.22), followed by XGBoost (RMSE is approximately equal to 0.25), both outperforming 3-dayMA (RMSE is approximately equal to 0.28). The study confirms that transforming microscopic user electricity consumption behavior into macro-features can effectively improve forecasting accuracy, providing data support and methodological references for grid load regulation and orderly electricity consumption strategies.

     

/

返回文章
返回