Abstract: Most existing foundation pit support structures are composed of cement and steel, materials characterized by high energy consumption and carbon emissions. Bamboo features high short-term strength, stable mechanical performance, and renewability, making it suitable for temporary support structures in foundation pits. In this study, a composite foundation pit enclosure system was developed, in which bamboo replaces steel soil nails and bamboo mesh substitutes for steel reinforcement in concrete layers. A numerical model of the bamboo composite foundation pit was established to investigate the effects of different support configurations on pit stability.