Abstract: With the continuous development of power transmission technology, aluminum alloy cables, as a new type of material, have been widely used in power grid renovation projects. This paper takes the Huangshan Power Grid Renovation Project as an example to deeply analyze the performance advantages, economy and application prospects of aluminum alloy cables in power transmission. The research results indicate that aluminum alloy cables have significant advantages in terms of cost, construction convenience, and environmental benefits, and are a highly promising material choice for future power grid renovation projects.