Abstract: This study explores the application of drone technology in substation inspection. Compared with traditional manual and robotic inspections, drone inspection offers significant advantages in safety, efficiency, and accuracy. Through multi-dimensional shooting and infrared temperature measurement, drones can promptly detect equipment hazards and reduce the risk of manual inspections. By establishing a high-precision laser point cloud model of the substation, inspection route planning strategies are developed, improving the reliability and effectiveness of inspections. The application of LiDAR and RTK modules further enhances inspection accuracy. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based inspection method with autonomous route planning provides significant value for improving substation operation and maintenance as well as overall power grid stability.